{"id":26,"date":"2014-04-05T09:02:14","date_gmt":"2014-04-05T09:02:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/?p=26"},"modified":"2014-04-05T09:02:14","modified_gmt":"2014-04-05T09:02:14","slug":"adjectives-ending-in-ly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/adjectives-ending-in-ly\/","title":{"rendered":"Adjectives ending in -ly"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A large number of adverbs have <strong>\u2013ly<\/strong> endings. Common examples are: <strong>kindly, cleverly, eagerly, pleasantly, unexpectedly, remarkably e<\/strong>tc.<\/p>\n<p>Most of these adverbs are formed from adjectives.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">kind -&gt; kindly<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">pleasant -&gt; pleasantly<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">eager -&gt; eagerly<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">nice -&gt; nicely<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">perfect -&gt; perfectly<\/p>\n<p>However, there are some exceptions. A few words ending in <strong>\u2013ly<\/strong> are adjectives. At least a handful of words ending in \u2013ly are nouns. Family is a well-known example. It is a collective noun.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>My family live in different parts of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that we use a plural verb here because we are talking about the different members of the family. We would use a singular verb if we were referring to family as a single unit.<\/p>\n<p>Note that in American English, collective nouns are almost always treated as singular nouns.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>My family lives in different parts of India. (US)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Family can also be used as an adjective. Example: a family vacation<\/p>\n<p>The word elderly can be an adjective or a collective noun.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An elderly woman took me to the manager\u2019s cabin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The phrase \u2018the elderly\u2019 refers to all elderly people. In this case it acts as a collective noun.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We need to take care of the elderly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The word bodily is an adjective. It is formed from the noun body.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We are not aware of many of our bodily functions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2018Bodily\u2019 can also be used as an adverb. As an adverb it means \u2018forcibly\u2019 or \u2018forcefully\u2019.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He pulled her out bodily. (= He pulled her out forcibly.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The word \u2018early\u2019 which is formed from the noun \u2018ear\u2019, has nothing to do with the faculty of hearing. It can be an adjective or adverb.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An early bird catches the worm. (Here the bird early acts as an adjective modifying the noun bird.)<\/li>\n<li>I want to leave early today. (Here the word early acts as an adverb modifying the verb leave.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>First, firstly, second, secondly etc.<\/h2>\n<p>Many writers use the expressions <strong>firstly, secondly, lastly<\/strong> etc. However, they are unnecessary because you can express the same meanings with <strong>first, second, last<\/strong> etc.<\/p>\n<p>The words<strong> first \/ firstly, second \/ secondly<\/strong> etc., are used to show the structure of what we are saying.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u00a0First, I want to discuss something with you. (More natural than \u2018Firstly, I want to discuss something with you.)<\/p>\n<p>Another example is given below.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">There are many reasons why I don\u2019t want to go out with you. <strong>First<\/strong>, I am a little busy at the moment. <strong>Second,<\/strong> you can\u2019t drive well. And <strong>third<\/strong>, my fianc\u00e9 won\u2019t like it.<\/p>\n<p>Note that instead of <strong>\u2018first\u2019,<\/strong> you can use the phrase \u2018to start with\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A large number of adverbs have \u2013ly endings. Common examples are: kindly, cleverly, eagerly, pleasantly, unexpectedly, remarkably etc. Most of these adverbs are formed from adjectives. kind -&gt; kindly pleasant -&gt; pleasantly eager -&gt;&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[12],"class_list":["post-26","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lessons","tag-adjectives-ending-in-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26\/revisions\/27"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}