{"id":73779,"date":"2020-04-05T08:44:08","date_gmt":"2020-04-05T08:44:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/?p=73779"},"modified":"2020-04-05T08:44:08","modified_gmt":"2020-04-05T08:44:08","slug":"conversational-structures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/conversational-structures\/","title":{"rendered":"Conversational Structures"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Must to express inference or probability<\/h3>\n<p>Read the following sentences.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>She\u00a0<b>must be\u00a0<\/b>about thirty years old.<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>must have\u00a0<\/b>been mad to do such a thing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In the examples given above,\u00a0<b>must<\/b>\u00a0does not express compulsion or obligation, but inference.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I\u00a0<b>suppose\u00a0<\/b>he is the oldest man in the village. (= He\u00a0<b>must be<\/b>\u00a0the oldest man in the village.)<\/li>\n<li>I\u00a0<b>think\u00a0<\/b>she is older than her husband. (= She\u00a0<b>must be\u00a0<\/b>older than her husband.)<\/li>\n<li>I\u00a0<b>suppose\u00a0<\/b>he is mistaken. (= He\u00a0<b>must be\u00a0<\/b>mistaken.)<\/li>\n<li><b>Surely\u00a0<\/b>he is a fool to behave like that. (= He\u00a0<b>must be\u00a0<\/b>a fool to behave like that.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Can be + adjective<\/h3>\n<p>Consider the sentence given below.<\/p>\n<p>He is not always annoying, but occasionally he is.<\/p>\n<p>The same idea can be expressed using the structure\u00a0<b>can be + adjective.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He\u00a0<b>can be very annoying.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>She is not always obstinate, but sometimes she is.<\/li>\n<li>She\u00a0<b>could be very obstinate.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>Tom is not always polite, but sometimes he is.<\/li>\n<li>Tom\u00a0<b>could be polite.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>The teacher is at times very stern.<\/li>\n<li>The teacher\u00a0<b>can be very stern.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>It is sometimes very wet here in July.<\/li>\n<li>It\u00a0<b>can be very wet\u00a0<\/b>here in July.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Plenty of, a lot of, a great deal of, much, many<\/h3>\n<p>Longer phrases like\u00a0<b>plenty of, a lot of, a great deal of, a long way\u00a0<\/b>and\u00a0<b>a long way off\u00a0<\/b>are generally preferred in affirmative sentences. Shorter forms like\u00a0<b>many, much, far\u00a0<\/b>and\u00a0<b>far off\u00a0<\/b>are preferred in negatives and questions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I have\u00a0<b>a lot of work\u00a0<\/b>to do.<\/li>\n<li><b>Do\u00a0<\/b>you have<b>\u00a0much work\u00a0<\/b>to do?<\/li>\n<li>No, I don\u2019t have much work to do.<\/li>\n<li><b>Plenty of people\u00a0<\/b>wish to buy cars.<\/li>\n<li><b>Are\u00a0<\/b>there\u00a0<b>many people\u00a0<\/b>who want cars?<\/li>\n<li>Yes, but there aren\u2019t many who can afford them. (NOT There aren\u2019t plenty of people who can afford them.)<\/li>\n<li>There is\u00a0<b>a great deal of controversy\u00a0<\/b>about the project.<\/li>\n<li><b>Is\u00a0<\/b>there<b>\u00a0much controversy\u00a0<\/b>about it?<\/li>\n<li>There<b>\u00a0isn\u2019t much controversy\u00a0<\/b>about it.<\/li>\n<li>The sea is<b>\u00a0a long way off.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Is\u00a0<\/b>the sea\u00a0<b>far off?<\/b><\/li>\n<li>No, it\u00a0<b>isn\u2019t far off.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Many\u00a0<\/b>and\u00a0<b>far\u00a0<\/b>may be occasionally used in the affirmative, but\u00a0<b>much<\/b>\u00a0is almost never used in that way. The longer forms are almost never used in the negative and occasionally used in questions.<\/p>\n<h3>Do a lot of + gerund<\/h3>\n<p>This structure is used to emphasize the frequency with which we perform an action.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He\u00a0<b>does a lot of writing.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>He\u00a0<b>doesn\u2019t do much writing.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>I used\u00a0<b>to do a lot of writing.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>I have no time to do\u00a0<b>much gardening<\/b>\u00a0these days.<\/li>\n<li>My job requires me to\u00a0<b>do a lot of travelling.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>I hate having to do\u00a0<b>much travelling.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Must to express inference or probability Read the following sentences. She\u00a0must be\u00a0about thirty years old. You\u00a0must have\u00a0been mad to do such a thing. In the examples given above,\u00a0must\u00a0does not express compulsion or obligation, but&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[251],"tags":[2521,1622,1621,1626],"class_list":["post-73779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar","tag-can-be","tag-many","tag-much","tag-must"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73779","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73779"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73779\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73780,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73779\/revisions\/73780"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}