{"id":74027,"date":"2020-04-16T09:33:28","date_gmt":"2020-04-16T09:33:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/?p=74027"},"modified":"2020-04-16T09:33:28","modified_gmt":"2020-04-16T09:33:28","slug":"need-as-an-ordinary-verb-and-an-auxiliary-verb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/need-as-an-ordinary-verb-and-an-auxiliary-verb\/","title":{"rendered":"Need As An Ordinary Verb And An Auxiliary Verb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Need is used both as an ordinary verb and as an auxiliary verb.<\/p>\n<h3>As an ordinary verb<\/h3>\n<p>As an ordinary verb\u00a0<b>need\u00a0<\/b>is used in the sense of \u2018require\u2019. It has the usual forms\u00a0<b>needs<\/b>\u00a0and\u00a0<b>needed.<\/b>\u00a0Ordinary need is followed by an <a href=\"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/infinitives-without-to\/\">infinitive with to<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>One\u00a0<b>needs\u00a0<\/b>to be punctual.<\/li>\n<li>Everybody\u00a0<b>needs\u00a0<\/b>to be loved.<\/li>\n<li>He needed some more time to decide the question.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Questions and negatives are made with\u00a0<b>do.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li><b>Do\u00a0<\/b>you\u00a0<b>need to go\u00a0<\/b>now?<\/li>\n<li>I\u00a0<b>don&#8217;t need to talk\u00a0<\/b>to him.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>As an auxiliary verb<\/h3>\n<p>The auxiliary form of\u00a0<b>need\u00a0<\/b>is used mainly in questions and negatives. It is also used after negative words like <a href=\"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/hardly-when\/\">hardly<\/a> and only.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need not work<\/b>\u00a0today.<\/li>\n<li><b>Need\u00a0<\/b>I\u00a0<b>go\u00a0<\/b>now?<\/li>\n<li><b>Need\u00a0<\/b>we\u00a0<b>reserve\u00a0<\/b>seats?<\/li>\n<li>He need only say what he wants and it will be granted.<\/li>\n<li>I need hardly add that you are always welcome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The auxiliary\u00a0<b>need<\/b>\u00a0is followed by an infinitive\u00a0<b>without to.\u00a0<\/b>It has no \u2013s in the third person singular.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>He\u00a0<b>need not wait. (NOT<\/b>\u00a0He needs not wait.)<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need not come.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Questions and negatives are made without do.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Need I come again? (NOT Do I need come again?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that the auxiliary form of need is rare in American English.<\/p>\n<h3>Points to be noted<\/h3>\n<p>The auxiliary\u00a0<b>need\u00a0<\/b>is mainly used to ask for or give permission. It is not used to talk about habitual or general things.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need\u00a0<\/b>not work today. (Auxiliary &#8211; Particular occasion)<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>don&#8217;t need\u00a0<\/b>to work on Sundays. (Ordinary &#8211; habitual thing)<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need not\u00a0<\/b>pay for this call. (Auxiliary &#8211; Particular occasion)<\/li>\n<li>In most countries, you\u00a0<b>don&#8217;t need\u00a0<\/b>to pay for emergency calls. (Ordinary &#8211; general thing)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Need is usually used in questions without \u2018not\u2019.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Need I wait any longer?<\/li>\n<li>Need he come again?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If the answer is in the negative, you should say \u2013 \u2018No, he need not\u2019 or \u2018No, you need not\u2019. But if the answer is in the positive, you should say \u2013 \u2018Yes, he must\u2019 or \u2018Yes, you must\u2019. The opposite of\u00a0<b>need not<\/b>\u00a0in such a context is not need but\u00a0<b>must.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>Need not + perfect infinitive<\/h3>\n<p>The structure need not + perfect infinitive can be used to say that somebody did something, but that was unnecessary.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>They need not have come all this way. (= They came all this way, but it was not necessary.)<\/li>\n<li>We need not have waited for his approval. (= We waited for his approval, but that was not necessary.)<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need not have bought\u00a0<\/b>a new car.<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need not have paid\u00a0<\/b>for that call.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that\u00a0<b>need not have\u00a0<\/b>does not mean the same as\u00a0<b>did not need to<\/b>. When we say that\u00a0<i>somebody did not need to do something,<\/i>\u00a0we are simply saying that it was not necessary (whether or not it was done).<\/p>\n<p>Compare:<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>I\u00a0<b>need not have bought\u00a0<\/b>it. (=I bought it, but it was not necessary.)<\/li>\n<li>I\u00a0<b>didn&#8217;t need to buy\u00a0<\/b>it. (=It was not necessary for me to buy it.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Need + participle<\/h3>\n<p>In British English it is possible to use an <a href=\"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/gerunds-ing-forms\/\">\u2013ing form<\/a> after need. It means the same as a <a href=\"http:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/perfect-infinitive-passive-infinitive-progressive-infinitive-different-forms-of-infinitives\/\">passive infinitive<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>Your hair\u00a0<b>needs washing.<\/b>\u00a0(= Your hair needs to be washed.)<\/li>\n<li>The carpet\u00a0<b>needs cleaning.\u00a0<\/b>(= The carpet needs to be cleaned.)<\/li>\n<li>The roof\u00a0<b>needs repairing.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A structure with\u00a0<b>need + object + present\/past participle\u00a0<\/b>is also possible in some cases.<\/p>\n<ul type=\"square\">\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need your hair cutting\/cut.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0<b>need your car cleaned.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Need is used both as an ordinary verb and as an auxiliary verb. As an ordinary verb As an ordinary verb\u00a0need\u00a0is used in the sense of \u2018require\u2019. It has the usual forms\u00a0needs\u00a0and\u00a0needed.\u00a0Ordinary need is&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[251],"tags":[2089,2091,2090],"class_list":["post-74027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar","tag-need","tag-need-as-an-auxiliary-verb","tag-need-as-an-ordinary-verb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74027"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74028,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74027\/revisions\/74028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perfectyourenglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}